Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

damen, m. c. j.

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Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 856342815

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856342815

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Volume 1-3 erschienen von 1986-1988

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 856641294

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Scope:: IX Seiten, Seiten 551-956

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A,. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856641294

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(26,7,2)

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Editor:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission of Photographic and Remote Sensing Data

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: 5 Non-renewable resources: Geology, geomorphology and engineering projects. Chairman: J. V. Taranik, Liaison: B. N. Koopmans

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Document type:: Multivolume work

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Chapter

Title:: Regional geologic mapping of digitally enhanced Landsat imagery in the southcentral Alborz mountains of northern Iran. Sima Bagheri, Ralph W. Kiefer

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

555 ike an analogue Dhic parameters, ¡ides being more it has signifi- :reo-plotter is :h holds great il, morphometric is much more olve the inter ion. Accounting '76) have opined : stereo-plotter r a particular the simplest, cheapest method lique of terres- or preparation latic maps, for project areas ltaneous photo ground truth s the work. mention that • a given area :y of suitable tphic coverage surveys, their >lic No.7401, ssible escarp- a Dam, Karna- photogramme- Vol.XIV, Nos. 2. Geomorpho- Island, South Symposium on ing and Envi- ¡S, Dehradun, Terrestrial i areas, Nil- International I.E. Painter, with terres- leering, Vol. tional design hotogrammetry Engineering, 61891. rth Ed. Am. lurch, U.S.A. Symposium on Remote Sensing for Resources Development and Environmental Management / Enschede / August 1986 Regional geologic mapping of digitally enhanced Landsat imagery in the southcentral Alborz mountains of northern Iran Sima Bagheri New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, USA Ralph W.Kiefer University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA ABSTRACT: This study evaluates the utility of using Landsat MSS data in regional geologic mapping of linea ments. Both conventional image interpretation techniques and digital enhancement techniques were utilized. The presence and orientation of lineaments can have great structural significance and a correlation may exist between them and zones of weakness characterized by seismic activity and mineral concentrations. The lineaments detected on computer-enhanced imagery of the study area exhibited definite trends providing a regional view of the geological "grain" of the area. When lineament alignments located by Landsat image analysis were plotted, a correlation was found between lineaments detected on the enhanced scene and earthquake epicenters, as well as the mapped location of phosphate deposits of the study area. 1. INTRODUCTION Landsat images are widely used in regional geologic studies. They are especially useful for displaying extended structural elements such as intrusive bodies, domes, folded mountain belts, and fault and fracture zones. This study is concerned with the utilization of Landsat data for the detection of geologic lineaments in the southcentral Alborz Mountains of northern Iran. The term "lineament", as used here, is defined by Siegal and Gillespie (1980), as follows: Lineament: a two-dimensional geomorphological term referring to a mappable, simple or composite linear feature of a surface, whose parts are aligned in a rectilinear or slightly curvilinear relationship and which differs distinctly from the patterns of adjacent features and presumably reflects a subsurface phenomenon. The study area is located in the southcentral part of the Alborz Mountains of northern Iran (Figure 1). The region is one of high to moderate relief which consists of marine sedimentary rocks of Paleozoic and Mesozoic ages and volcanic rocks of Tertiary age. The primary objective of this research was to delineate geological structures by means of digital image processing techniques, since the presence and orientation of these features may have great structural significance and correlation may exist between them and seismic activities, as well as mineral concentrations. The data used here include both film products and digital data of four Landsat MSS bands imaged in November 1976. The scene is characterized by a relatively low sun elevation angle (31°) and a light continuous snow cover in the mountainous areas, characteristics that are advantageous for mapping and interpreting the structural features. A lineament map and a rock type classification map were produced from the computer enhanced MSS data. These maps were compared with an earthquake epicenter map and the mapped location of ore deposits (mainly phosphate minerals) in order to investigate relationships between them. 2. REGIONAL GEOLOGIC SETTING Recent discoveries indicate that the traditional concept of Iran as a pair of orogenic belts (the Alborz and Zagros Mountains) with a median mass between them has been invalid. Nor can central Iran be regarded as an eugeosyncline. The only distinct ion between the Alborz Mountain and central Iran is one of relief and the two areas are structurally and stratigraphically very similar (Stocklin, 1968). The Bouguer gravity anomaly map conforms with the reg ional structural pattern revealing no separation of the Alborz as an independent zone from Central Iran. The Alborz Mountains are continuation of the Alpine type mountains, which are a complex, asymmetric belt of folded and faulted rocks. The Alpine orogeny of the Iranian ranges is characterized by the absence of nappes present in the European Alps which extend over a width of 1200 km (Stocklin, 1968). The compressive stress of Alpine orogeny results in thrusts and high- angle reverse faults in the central Alborz and a wide range of fold systems throughout the mountain chain. These structural features are surface manifestations of underlying faults, joints, folds, lithologic contacts or other geologic discontinuities and are expressed as lineaments of different dimensions on Landsat imagery. An understanding of these features and their significance in the regional geologic framework is essential in analyzing both earthquake prone areas and mineral potential locations of the Alborz Mountains. Physiographically the range is divided into three segments—Western, Central and Eastern Alborz—with the central part subdivided into seven lithostruct- ural units (Gansser & Huber, 1962). The study area is 3500 sq-km in size and is located between Karaj River to the west and Damavand volcano to the east and includes the following units of the southern Central Zone: (1) the Tertiary Central Zone, (2) the Southern Paleozoic-Mesozoic Zone and (3) the Southern Tertiary Zone. 3. METHODOLOGY Two methods of analysis were utilized, visual image interpretation and computer-assisted interpretation.

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